Log → board feet

Doyle estimate90 BF

Diameter is measured inside the bark at the small end.

small end measure inside the bark bark big end — not the one you measure length — along the log
Length along the log; diameter across the small end, inside the bark. A board only counts if it runs the log's full length, so the small end sets the yield — the taper's extra wood leaves the mill as slabs and edgings.

Which rule should I use?

Doyle — ((D − 4) ÷ 4)² × L — is what most sawmills and log buyers quote. It undercounts small logs badly (the 4″ slab allowance is huge on a 10″ log), which is why sellers prefer other scales.

International 1/4″ tracks actual sawmill recovery best. It scales the log in 4-foot sections with 1/2″ of taper per section and allows a 1/4″ kerf.

Scribner predates both, drawn from diagrams of 1″ boards inside a cylinder. Still common in the western U.S. (shown here as its formula estimate).

Small endDoyle, 10 ftInt'l 1/4″, 10 ft
10″22.537
14″62.580
18″122.5139
22″202.5214

Values computed with the formulas this tool uses; printed mill tables round differently by a few board feet.

Sawing boards from the estimate? Price the yield in the planner.